Kap 45 origin5/17/2023 ![]() In conclusion, the high level of knowledge, attitude and practices of L. Vannamei management and having good aquaculture management practices. Vannamei farmers on the shrimp disease in pond culture is high, as can be seen by the good attitude in L. This study showed that the level of knowledge, attitude, and practices of L. Vannamei farmers on the shrimp disease in pond culture. The data was analysed using IBM SPPS software version 24.0 to obtain the frequency, percentage and descriptive analysis to analyse the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of L. The survey was open for one month between 15th November and 15th December 2021. Vannamei farmers (50 respondents) in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method (questionnaire survey) using a google form and the questionnaire was distributed online. Therefore, this research objective is to investigate a farmer's level of knowledge, attitude, and practices on the Litopenaeus Vannamei shrimp disease. This problem arises from farmers' lack of knowledge about shrimp disease, low management attitude and poor aquaculture management practices. Vannamei are white spot disease (WSD) and Fusarium bacteria which causes black gill disease. Among the common disease that usually infects L. Unfortunately, disease attack is a problem that emerges from shrimp aquaculture to gain high profit. ![]() Litopenaeus Vannamei is a high-value commodity shrimp species in the aquaculture sector, especially Asia. This suggests that there is a need for further awareness-raising among all pregnant women, their family members, and providers. Further, barriers to taking the supplements include women believing a nutritious diet is a substitute (88.7% ), and a perceived lack of support from other family members (21.8%, ). These include most pregnant women not knowing the right time to start multivitamin supplements (56.0%,, stating that a woman should start taking supplements ‘after the first trimester’), not knowing their benefits, and how they help both the mother and baby–only 29.5% stated that they believed the supplements helped their baby to grow well). The study identified a few findings that can guide further research or market-based interventions to reduce micronutrient deficiencies. ![]() A total of 732 quantitative interviews were conducted (330 with providers and 402 with pregnant women, with an equal split between urban and rural areas for both sets of audiences 200 women were users of prenatal multivitamin supplements, while 202 women were aware non-users). This was done in both rural and urban areas across Bangladesh. A Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) study was conducted to assess Bangladeshi pregnant women’s perceptions and related behaviors, as well as awareness and knowledge among pharmacists and healthcare professionals concerning prenatal multivitamin supplements. In Bangladesh, maternal malnutrition remains a severe problem, with high rates of anemia (49.6% of pregnant women and 47.8% of lactating women are anemic) and other nutritional deficiencies. As native populations dwindled, Europeans turned to Africa as a new source of forced labor, giving rise to the early plantation system and widespread system of slavery in the Americas.Micronutrient deficiencies are widespread among pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and lead to potentially adverse effects for mother and baby.The introduction of new food crops and animals also impacted the Americas. New food crops and new sources of mineral wealth brought about extensive demographic, economic, and social change in Europe. The Columbian Exchange resulted in tremendous social, cultural, and political change for both the Europeans and the American Indians. ![]()
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